The remote island of Iceland is part of Europe. Situated between Europe and North America, it lies in the North Atlantic Ocean. Iceland has 5 main airports, however most international airlines only service Keflavik International Airport (KEF).
Iceland’s main airport is Keflavik Airport (KEF) which is 1.7 miles from Keflavik and about a 50 minute drive from Reykjavik. Taxis, buses and rental car companies all provide transfers into the city. Iceland also has a number of smaller airports, some of which service international flights and some are reserved for domestic flights only.
The landscape of Iceland lies amongst some of the most impressive in the world. The ‘land of fire and ice’ is practically an arctic desert, peppered with spurting geysirs, comforting hot springs, majestic mountains and crashing waterfalls.
There are 3 national parks which feature eerie black sand beaches, diamond beaches, lava fields and glaciers. To say the landscape of Iceland is diverse, would be a very big understatement!
Many people come to Iceland purely for the natural beauty, but the culture is also one of the biggest draws. With such a small population of 330,000, the accomplishments they have had as a country are astonishing.
Naming in Iceland is somewhat different than elsewhere. Surnames are created by using the father’s name and adding son/daughter to the end. E.g Alex’s father is called Manus, so Alex’s surname is Manusson. Icelanders do not see marriage as an important part of family culture with most people having numerous half-siblings. Iceland is generally seen as a classless society, with casual dress being acceptable on most occasions. It is also the most gender equal country in the world, meaning Icelandic women are strong, independent and well involved in the country’s political system.
When it comes to religion, Iceland has a very interesting history. It was an entirely Pagan country until the year 1000 when it adopted Christianity. It now has a total of 41 religions. 80% of Icelanders are of the Lutheran State Church, 5% are of other Christian denominations and 5% practice Asatru – the traditional Norse religion.
Ancient folklore beliefs are still very much alive in Iceland. More than half the nation believe in elves and ‘hidden people’ who apparently live in the lava rocks. Legend states that when God came to visit Eve, she hadn’t washed her children, so hid them in the rocks!
Being generally quiet and reserved, Icelanders do not appreciate tourists taking photos of them. Make sure you get their permission before snapping away! One of the main reasons for visiting Iceland is to see the northern lights. These are notoriously difficult to capture on camera, but there are a few tricks which can help. No matter what camera you have, use a tripod for increasing steadiness, and a wide-angle lens to capture more of the sky. Set the camera to manual mode with the IOS between 800 – 3200. The Aperture is best set between f/2.8 and f/5.6, and the shutter speed should be between 12 – 20 seconds. These are of course, guidelines. You will always need to play around with the settings to find the right balance.
The official language of Iceland is Icelandic. English and Danish are also widely spoken throughout. The Icelandic language is based on Old Norse and has changed very little throughout the centuries. There is no need to learn the local language for your Iceland holiday. Icelandic is notoriously difficult to learn, and because of the ever increasing tourism, almost all Icelanders speak perfect English.
The capital city of Iceland is Reykjavik, about a 50 minute drive from the main airport – Keflavik Airport (KEF). It’s located on the Faxa Bay shoreline, southwest Iceland, and is the main hub of Iceland. Most tours (including whale watching) leave from Reykjavik. It has a fantastic array of restaurants serving up some world-class grub, and the ever evolving cultural scenes of art, literature and music keeps on growing. It also has an incredible nightlife!
You’ll be pleased to hear that not only is it completely safe to drink the tap water in Iceland, it is actually encouraged due to it being some of the cleanest water in the world. It isn’t chemically purified and comes straight from the source, having been filtered first through lava.
Iceland uses the Northern European electrical standards for plugs and sockets, which is 50 Hz or 220 volts. The sockets fit plugs with two round prongs.
It is always a good idea to have a few numbers saved on your phone incase of emergencies. The most important ones in Iceland are:
112 Emergency services: police, fire and ambulance
118 Directory enquiries
444-1000 Police station
570-5900 Search and rescue
Iceland is one of the best countries for solo travel. Especially if this is your first time on the roads alone. It is continuously being rated as one of the friendliest countries due to its close-knit communities and welcoming citizens. Icelanders are very proud of their country with most being happy to chat to any tourist, often sharing old folklore stories and tales with you over a drink. Even for a small country, it has a significantly low crime rate with scams, thefts and pickpocketing being virtually unheard of. All in all, if you’re keen on doing some solo travel, Iceland is one of the best places to begin!
Iceland has very accessible wifi with a strong mobile phone signal almost everywhere – even in the most northern areas of the country. Most public places such as restaurants, hotels, public transport stations and buses also have free wifi.
Iceland (GMT) is 1 hour behind London (GMT), 7 hours ahead of Los Angeles, and 4 hours ahead of New York. Iceland runs on Greenwich Mean Time and does not switch to daylight saving time. To calculate the time difference from your current location, visit timeanddate.com.
The size and layout of Iceland make it a relatively easy country to navigate – in summer that is. During winter, roads can often be closed due to difficult weather conditions, meaning the public bus service will also become very limited. You will likely spend most of your time on the ring road, which is where most of Iceland’s major attractions lie, making it very easy to know where you are – just follow the circular road around the island.
There are a total of 5 bus companies that provide public transport around Iceland – Reykjavik Excursions, Sterna, Strætó, SBA-Norðurleið and Trex. Travelling by bus is a great way to see the diverse countryside landscapes in-between attractions, but it is expensive. It usually costs less to fly or rent a car if there is more than one or two of you travelling.
There are a lot of small, domestic airports dotted around Iceland due to the roads becoming unsafe during winter. Flying is usually your best option at this time of the year, and is fairly good value.The main domestic airline is Air Iceland Connect.
Hiring a car is the most popular mode of transport in Iceland. It allows for greater flexibility in travelling, being able to stop off to explore anything along the way which looks interesting. It is very cost effective, especially if you’re travelling in a group. There are multiple car rental companies in Iceland, but you will find the local ones to be much cheaper.
The first person to settle in Iceland was Ingólgur Arnarson in 874 AD, followed by a group of Noreigen lords and kings. They formed a coalition of equally powerful lords to meet and solve the problems in the land. In 930 AD, they established their parliament. This still meets today and is regarded as the longest surviving parliament in the world.
In the year 1000, the parliament decided together to adopt Christianity as the Icelandic religion. In 1262 one if the leaders made a deal with the Norweigen king which gave him some influence over Iceland in exchange for his support, which ended Iceland’s independence. Due to various wars over the years, Iceland fell into the hands of the Danish king and suffered greatly. The oppression of the Danish government, poor harvests, endemics and volcanic eruptions (to name a few) all played a part in halving the population of Iceland.
After a long war between the Icelandic and the Danish, they finally won their independence in 1944. Icelanders now enjoy a free health-care system, free education, pensions and a high standard of living, paying around 50% in income tax. Crime, prostitution, poverty and illiteracy are virtually unknown, with Iceland being one of the wealthiest countries in the world with regard to its size.
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